Ingolstadt, Germany

Ingolstadt sits on the Danube in Upper Bavaria with roughly 140,000 residents and was first documented in 806. Bavaria's first university opened here in 1472 before moving to Landshut and Munich, where it became LMU Munich. In 1516 Duke William IV issued the Reinheitsgebot, the world's oldest food regulation still in force. The 1392 Neues Schloss houses the Bavarian Army Museum, while the 1370 Kreuztor gate marks the medieval walls, and Mary Shelley set her 1818 novel Frankenstein here, drawing on the 1673 alchemist Johann Konrad Dippel.